Omicron: Mild or severe impact on economy?

After limping its way back from the Covid pandemic last year, the global economic recovery has been rattled by the Omicron variant's rapid rise.

The travel industry has been thrown into disarray again, workers have been forced to isolate at home and governments are facing a stark choice between imposing restrictions or letting the economy muddle through.

Could the highly-contagious Omicron variant have a severe impact on the recovery? Or will its mild symptoms keep the economy from sinking again?

The World Bank on Tuesday trimmed its global forecasts for 2022, warning that "Omicron-driven economic disruptions" among other factors, would cause growth to "decelerate markedly" this year.

The Washington-based lender said growth would slow to 4.1 per cent after the 5.5 percent rebound in 2021 but warned it could be as low as 3.4 per cent.

World Bank President David Malpass expressed concern about the "huge toll" the pandemic is taking on poor countries, pointing to "troubling reversals in poverty, nutrition and health." The head of the International Monetary Fund, Kristalina Georgieva, warned last month that it too may slash its global growth forecasts due to Omicron.

The IMF has previously banked on growth of 5.9 per cent for 2021 and 4.9 per cent this year. To soften the blow on the economy, US health authorities have cut the isolation period for asymptomatic cases by half to five days.

Mark Zandi, chief economist at Moody's, told AFP he expects US growth of 2.2 per cent in the first quarter, more than half lower than a previous estimate of 5.2 per cent.

"Omicron is already doing economic damage, as is clear from weaker credit card spending, a decline in restaurant bookings, air flight cancelations, and many schools going back to online learning," Zandi said.

"However, I do expect Omicron to pass through quickly and for growth to rebound in the second quarter, and growth for the year to be unaffected," he added.

"Broadly, I think each wave of the virus is doing less damage to the healthcare system and economy than the previous wave."

In the eurozone, tighter restrictions, consumer caution and absenteeism will reduce economic activity in the next few weeks, but the economy will rebound in February, according to Andrew Kenningham, chief Europe economist at Capital Economics.

Developing countries with lower vaccination rates face greater uncertainty, and a zero-Covid policy in China could put hamper growth in the world's second biggest economy as it locks down entire cities.

The travel industry was looking forward to a rebound in 2022 after it was devastated by border closures and lockdowns.

But the emergence of Omicron during the key winter holiday season caused thousands of flight cancellations, cruises to be forced to dock and fewer hotel bookings. Investors, however, have been optimistic, as shares of airline and cruise companies have risen in recent weeks.