The summit’s two highest-stakes issues, fossil fuel phaseout and deforestation, were effectively sidelined.

After COP30, the much-needed transition away from fossil fuels still seems unachievable.

Climate action is no longer a matter of policy debate but one of how it can be done most cost-effectively.

If COP30 is to be remembered as a turning point, dedicated gender-responsive finance windows must be created for adaptation, loss and damage.

Government ministers from around the world were preparing for a final few fraught days of talks at the UN climate summit as they bid to secure a deal that demonstrates global resolve amid increasing assertiveness from developing nations.

As the world gathers in Belém, Brazil, for the 30th Conference of the Parties (COP30) under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), a sobering truth becomes increasingly clear: the promise of gender justice as part of climate justice remains unfulfilled.

Brazil said it would extend negotiations at the COP30 summit to give nations time to bridge divides over thorny differences on climate goals and the finances required to achieve them.

Adaptation is perceived as providing only local or national benefits.

The COP30 presidency wishes to achieve some tangible outcomes.